Kulekanitsidwa ndi zinthu zakuthupi ndi vuto lalikulu m'matumbo ambiri osungirako. Popeza kuti zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zimawonjezeka, vuto la kudzipatula limakhala pachimake.
Monga tonse tikudziwa, ma telescopic radial ojambula ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopatukana. Amatha kupanga kufufuza mu zigawo, mbali iliyonse imapangidwa ndi zinthu zingapo. Pofuna kupanga zoterezi mwanjira iyi, wotsatsa amayenera kuthamanga mosalekeza. Ngakhale kusuntha kwa ma telescopic kuyenera kulamulidwa pamanja, kugwiritsa ntchito moyero ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yolamulira.
Ogwiritsa ntchito okhaokha amatha kupangidwa kuti apange mndandanda wazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe ndi makonzedwe. Izi ndizotheka kusintha ntchito moyenera komanso kubweretsa zinthu zapamwamba.
Kontrakitala amagwiritsa ntchito madola mamiliyoni a madola chilichonse kupanga zinthu zophatikizika pazosiyanasiyana. Ntchito zotchuka kwambiri zimaphatikizapo zida zapamwamba, phula ndi konkriti.
Njira yopangira zinthu izi ndizovuta komanso zodula. Makhalidwe owopsa ndi kulolera kumatanthauza kuti kufunikira kwa khalidweli likuyamba kukhala lofunika kwambiri.
Pamapeto pake, zinthuzo zimachotsedwa pamsika ndikupita kumalo komwe iyo iphatikizidwe kuti inyamule, phula kapena konkriti.
Zida zofunika kuvula, kufuula, kuphwanya ndi kuwunika ndikokwera mtengo kwambiri. Komabe, zida zapamwamba zimatha kupanga nthawi zonse zophatikizika malinga ndi kutanthauzira. Zolingana zitha kuwoneka ngati gawo laling'ono la kupanga, koma ngati yachitika molakwika, imatha kuyambitsa chinthu chomwe chikugwirizana bwino popanda kutanthauzira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosungirako zolakwika kungachititse kutaya ndalama zina zopanga zabwino.
Ngakhale kuyika chinthu mu kulingalira kungasokoneze mtundu wake, kufufuza kwake ndi gawo lofunikira pazinthu zonse zopangidwa. Njira yosungirako iwonetsere kupezeka kwa zinthuzo. Mlingo wa kupanga nthawi zambiri umakhala wosiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa malonda omwe amafunikira pogwiritsa ntchito, ndipo kufufuza kwake kumathandiza kupanga kusiyana.
Zopangira zimapatsanso makontrakitala okwanira malo osungira bwino kuti ayankhe mosinthasintha pamsika. Chifukwa cha mapindu omwe amasunga akusunga, nthawi zonse amakhala gawo lofunikira pazopanga zonse. Chifukwa chake, opanga ayenera kupititsa patsogolo matebulo awo osungira kuti achepetse zoopsa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zosungira.
Mutu waukulu wankhaniyi ndi kudzipatula. Kusankhana kumafotokozedwa kuti "kulekanitsidwa kwa zinthu malinga ndi kukula kwa tinthu". Mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana a ophatikizidwa amafunikira sukulu mwachindunji komanso yunifolomu. Kusankhana kumabweretsa kusiyana kwakukulu mu mitundu yopanga.
Kupatukana kumatha kuchitika kulikonse munjira yopanga yopanga itaphwanyidwa, yoyesedwa ndi yophatikizidwa ndi ma gratotion yoyenera.
Malo oyamba omwe magawano amatha kuchitika ali pamndandanda (onani Chithunzi 1). Zinthuzo zikaikidwa pamndandanda, pamapeto pake zimabwezedwanso ndikuperekedwa komwe iyo idzagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Malo achiwiri omwe kulekanitsa kumatha kuchitika nthawi ya kusuntha ndi kunyamula. Kamodzi pamalo a phula kapena chomera cha konkriti, ophatikizikawo amaikidwa mu hopper ndi / kapena mabatani omwe malonda amatengedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kulekanitsanso kumachitika mukadzaza ndi kuthira silos ndi silos. Kusankhana kumathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomaliza pamsewu kapena malo ena ataphatikizika kwaphatikizidwa mu phula kapena kusakaniza konkriti.
Kuphatikizika kwa Hormogeneous ndikofunikira pakupanga kwa phula kapena konkriti. Kusinthasintha pakukonzanso kwa mkogregate kwa omwe atsimikizidwa kumapangitsa kuti asapeze phula kapena konkriti.
Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri timakhala ndi malo okulirapo kwambiri kuposa tinthu tambiri tomwe timalemeranso. Izi zimapangitsa mavuto pophatikiza ophatikizika mu phula kapena zoziza zodulira. Ngati kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa ophatikizika kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, padzakhala kusowa kwa matope kapena phula komanso kusakaniza kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Ngati kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono mu ophatikizika kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, padzakhala matope ochulukirapo kapena phula, ndipo kusasinthasintha kwa osakaniza adzakhala ocheperako. Misewu yopangidwa kuchokera kwa okalamba okakamizidwa alibe umphumphu ndipo pamapeto pake amakhala ndi chiyembekezo chotsika kuposa misewu yolekanitsidwa ndi zinthu zolekanitsidwa bwino.
Zinthu zambiri zimabweretsa tsankho m'matangadza. Popeza kufufuza kwambiri kumapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito malamba onyamula, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa chibadwa cha ziphuphu pazinthu zakunja.
Pamene lamba uja umasunthira chuma pa lamba wonyamula, lamba umaphukira pang'ono ngati ukugudubuza puller yoyipitsitsa. Izi ndichifukwa chochedwa pang'ono m'mimba pakati pa pulani ya idler iliyonse. Kuyenda uku kumapangitsa kuti tipeze tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuti tikhazikitse pansi pamtanda wa zinthuzo. Kuwongolera zowonda zopaka zamoto zimawasunga pamwamba.
Malingaliro atangotulutsa magudumu omasulira amba wonyamula, ndipo wasiyanitsidwa kale ndi zinthu zokulirapo pamwamba ndi zocheperako pansi. Zinthu zikayamba kusuntha moyang'ana magudumu omasulira, nsonga yapamwamba (yakunja) imasunthira kuthamanga kwambiri kuposa ma tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Kusiyanaku ku liwiro kumapangitsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuti tisachokere papepalako musanagwere pa stack, pomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono timagwera pafupi ndi wopereka.
Komanso, ndizotheka kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tikulumani ku lamba wonyamula ndipo osachotsedwa mpaka lamba wovomerezeka akupitilizabe kutsika pagudumu. Izi zimapangitsa tinthu bwino kwambiri kuyenda kutsogolo kwa stack.
Zinthu zikagwera pa stack, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tikhala kupititsa patsogolo pang'ono kuposa tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zinthu zopumira kuti zipitirize kutsika pansi mosavuta kuposa zinthu zabwino. Chilichonse, chachikulu kapena chaching'ono, chomwe chimathamangira mbali za stack chimatchedwa spill.
Ma spill ndi amodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kupatukana kwa ndalama ndipo ziyenera kupewedwa nthawi iliyonse. Pamene kutulutsa kumayamba kugwetsa chofutukuka kwa zofunkha, tinthu tambiri timakhala kuti zikulumbirira kutalika konse kwa malo otsetsereka, pomwe zinthu zabwinozi zimakhazikika kukhazikika m'mbali mwa zofunkha. Zotsatira zake, monga kutumphuka kumatsika mbali za muluwo, tinthu ting'onoting'ono tating'ono tating'onoting'ono tikhalansobe pofesa.
Zinthu zikafika m'mphepete mwapansi kapena chala cha mulu, limapangidwa makamaka ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Mapazi amayambitsa tsankho lalikulu, lomwe likuwoneka mu gawo la stock. Kukula kwa mulu wakunja kwa mulu kumakhala ndi zojambula za makala, pomwe mulu wamkati ndi kumtunda uli ndi zinthu zabwino.
Maonekedwe a tinthu tating'onoting'ono timathandiziranso ku mavuto. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala osalala kapena ozungulira nthawi yayitali kuti zikulukitse malo otsetsereka kuposa ma tinthu abwino, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa mawonekedwe. Kupitirira malire kungayambitsenso kuwonongeka kwa zinthuzo. Ziwerengero zikuluzikulu zikugwetsa mbali imodzi ya muluwo, amapakana wina ndi mnzake. Kuvala kumeneku kudzayambitsa zina mwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuti zitheke kumayiko ang'onoang'ono.
Mphepo ndi chifukwa china chodzipatula. Zinthu zitasiya lamba wonyamula ndikuyamba kulowa mu stack, mphepo imakhudza zojambulajambula za kuyenda kwa tinthu tating'ono osiyanasiyana. Mphepo imakhala ndi chisonkhezero chachikulu pazinthu zowoneka bwino. Izi ndichifukwa choti chiwerengero cha malo okhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi chachikulu kuposa tinthu tating'onoting'ono.
Kuthetsa mipata yopanga kumatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa zinthu m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu. Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pokhudzana ndi tsankho ndi kuchuluka kwa tinthu kukula kwa tinthu. Zipangizo zokhala ndi mawonekedwe akulu kwambiri tinthu tating'onoting'ono tidzakhala ndi makedwe ochulukirapo nthawi yosungirako. Lamulo lalikulu la chala ndichakuti ngati chiwerengero cha kukula kwa tinthu tofanana ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatha kukula 2: 1, pakhoza kukhala zovuta ndi tsankho. Kumbali ina, ngati gawo laling'ono laling'ono limakhala lochepera 2: 1, tsankho la voliyumu ndilochepa.
Mwachitsanzo, zida zobisika zomwe zimakhala ndi ma mesh mpaka 200 mesh zitha kuthira nthawi yosungirako. Komabe, posunga zinthu monga mwala wotsukidwa, kusokonezeka kwake kudzakhala kochepa. Popeza mchenga ambiri ndi wonyowa, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kusunga mchenga osapekani mavuto. Chinyezi chimapangitsa tinthules tinthu timene tikuluma limodzi, kupewa kupatukana.
Chogulitsacho chikasungidwa, kudzipatula nthawi zina kumakhala kosatheka kupewa. Mtunda wakunja kwa mulu womalizidwa umakhala ndi zinthu zambiri, pomwe mkati mwa mulu umakhala ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri. Mukamatenga zida kuchokera kumapeto kwa milu yotere, ndikofunikira kumwa ma scoop kuchokera m'malo osiyanasiyana kuti musakanize zinthuzo. Ngati mutenga zinthu kuchokera kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo kwa stack, mudzapeza zinthu zonse zopumira kapena zabwino zonse.
Palinso mwayi wowonjezereka kowonjezereka mukamadula magalimoto. Ndikofunikira kuti njira yomwe igwiritsidwa ntchito siyiyambitsa kusefukira. Kwezani kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo poyamba, ndiye kumbuyo, ndipo pamapeto pake pakati. Izi zimachepetsa zotsatira zophulika mkati mwa galimoto.
Njira zogwirizira pambuyo pa njira ndizothandiza, koma cholinga chake liyenera kutero kapena kuchepetsa ziweto panthawi yopanga chilengedwe. Njira zothandiza popewa kudzipatula
Mukakhazikika pagalimoto, iyenera kukhala yolumikizidwa bwino m'matumba osiyana kuti muchepetse zonunkhira. Zinthu ziyenera kulumikizidwa limodzi pogwiritsa ntchito wolemera, kukweza mpaka chidebe chonse ndikutaya, komwe kumasakanikirana. Ngati wothamanga ayenera kuyenda ndi kuthyola zinthu, musayese kumanga milu yayikulu.
Kupanga mndandanda wa zigawo kumatha kuchepetsa tsankho. Mtundu wamtunduwu ukhoza kumangidwa ndi bulldozer. Ngati zinthuzo zaperekedwa pabwalo, bulldozer iyenera kukankhira nkhaniyo kukhala yosanjikiza. Ngati stack imamangidwa ndi lamba wonyamula, bulldozer iyenera kukankhira nkhaniyo kukhala yopingasa. Mulimonsemo, chisamaliro chiyenera kuthandizidwa kuti chisakankhire pamphepete mwa mulu. Izi zitha kuyambitsa kusefukira, komwe ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu zopatukana.
Matenda ophulika ali ndi zovuta zingapo. Zowopsa ziwiri zazikulu ndizowonongeka ndi kuipitsidwa. Zida zolemera zogwira ntchito mosalekeza zimaphatikizika ndikuphwanya mfundozo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi, opanga ayenera kusamala kuti asathetse malonda poyesa kuthetsa mavuto opatukana. Zowonjezera zowonjezera ndi zida zomwe zimafunikira nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa njirayi yoletsa kukwera mtengo, ndipo opanga amayenera kuteteza pokana panthawi yokonza.
Maunitsi a radial ogulira amathandizira kuchepetsa mphamvu zopatukana. Monga kupanga zopangira, woperekayo amasunthira kumanzere ndi kumanja. Pamene woperekayo amasunthira kwambiri, malekezero a miyala, nthawi zambiri amasamba, adzakutidwa ndi zinthu zabwino. Zala zakutsogolo ndi zam'mbuyo zizikhala zovuta, koma muluwo udzakhala wosakanizidwa kuposa mulu wa ma cones.
Pali ubale wachindunji pakati pa kutalika ndi kugwa kwaulere kwa zinthuzo ndi kuchuluka kwa magawano omwe amachitika. Pamene kutalika kumawonjezeka ndi zojambulajambula za zakumwa zogwera, pali kukhazikika kwa zinthu zabwino komanso zachuma. Chuma chosinthika chosinthika ndi njira inanso yochepetsera tsankho. Pa gawo loyamba, wonyoza ayenera kukhala wotsika kwambiri. Mtunda wokhala ndi mutu wa mutu ayenera kukhala wamfupi momwe angathere.
Kugwa kwa lamba waulere kuchokera ku lamba wonyamula kupita ku malo ena olekanitsa. Masitepe a Mwala amachepetsa magawano pochotsa zinthu zaulere. Mwala wamwala ndi kapangidwe kake komwe kumalola zinthu kuti ziduke pamayendedwe omwe ali ndi milu. Ndizothandiza koma alibe kugwiritsa ntchito.
Kupatukana chifukwa cha mphepo imatha kuchepetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito telescopic. Ma telescopic amaluma pama staves a wotulutsa, akuchokera ku sheave kuchokera ku stack, kuteteza ku mphepo ndikuchepetsa. Ngati zingapangidwire bwino, zitha kuchepetsanso zinthu zathupi.
Monga tanena kale m'mbuyomu, pamakhala kale zachabemba cha lamba musanafike potuluka. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zikasiya lamba lonyamula, magawano ena amachitika. Whatchire imatha kukhazikitsidwa pamawu obwera ku Remix nkhaniyi. Mawilo ozungulira ali ndi mapiko kapena mapiko omwe amayenda ndikusakaniza njira ya zinthuzo. Izi zimachepetsa tsankho, koma kuwonongeka kwakuthupi sikungakhale kovomerezeka.
Kulekanitsa kumatha kugunda ndalama zambiri. Zosakaniza zomwe sizikukwaniritsa zokhala ndi zilango zimatha kubweretsa zilango kapena kukana kufufuza kwathunthu. Ngati zinthu zosagwirizana zimaperekedwa ku tsamba la ntchito, chindapusa chimatha kupitirira $ 0.75 peni. Zowononga komanso zida zothandizira kukonza milu yosauka nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoletsa. Mtengo wa ola limodzi womanga nyumba yokhala ndi bulldozer ndi wogwiritsa ntchito ndizokwera kuposa mtengo wamaso a telescopic yopanga, ndipo zidakwawo zitha kuwola kapena kudetsedwa kuti musinthe bwino. Izi zimachepetsa mtengo wa malonda. Kuphatikiza apo, zida za bullldozer zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ntchito zopanda ntchito, pali mwayi womwe umagwirizanitsidwa ndi zida zomwe zidagwirizanitsidwa ndi zida pomwe idagwira ntchito yopanga.
Njira ina ikhoza kumwedwa kuti muchepetse mphamvu yakulefuka mukapanga zowerengera pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe kudzipatula kungakhale vuto. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuthiridwa m'magawo, pomwe mawonekedwe aliwonse amapangidwa ndi zitsamba zingapo.
Mu gawo la stack, stack iliyonse imawonetsedwa ngati miniature stack. Gawoli limachitikabe pa supu iliyonse chifukwa cha zotsatira zomwezi. Komabe, mawonekedwe a kudzipatula nthawi zambiri amabwerezedwa gawo lonse la muluwo. Matumba oterowo akuti ali ndi lingaliro lalikulu "logawanika" chifukwa njira yabwino kwambiri yosinthira nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro.
Mukamakonza matope okhala ndi kutsogolo, palibe chifukwa chosakanikirana ndi zinthu, monga scoop imodzi imaphatikizapo zikwangwani zingapo. Mukakhazikika pomwe zigawo zimabwezeretsedwa, zigawo zake zimawonekera bwino (onani Chithunzi 2).
Madeti amatha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zosungira. Njira imodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la mlatho ndi zotulutsa, ngakhale kuti njirayi ndiyoyenera kuti mugwiritse ntchito ntchito? Choyipa chachikulu cha ma stationary comporery consitary ndichakuti kutalika kwawo nthawi zambiri kumakhazikika, komwe kungayambitse kulekanitsa kwa mphepo monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
Njira inanso ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma telesikor. Maupangiri a Telescopic amapereka njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira mawonekedwe ndipo nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa pamayendedwe oyimilira momwe angakhudzire akakhala kuti amafunikira, ndipo ambiri amapangidwa kuti azinyamulidwa pamsewu.
Ma aniokic a telescopic amakhala ndi zopereka (mapepala ojambulidwa) adayika mkati mwa matola akunja amtunda womwewo. Wopereka map amatha kuyenda mogwirizana ndi kutalika kwa cholembera chakunja kuti asinthe mawonekedwe otsitsa. Kutalika kwa gudumu lotulutsidwa ndi malo okwerera a wopereka ndi osinthika.
Kusintha kwachilendo kwa gudumu lotsitsa ndikofunikira kuti apange milu yomwe imasokoneza. ROP Winch Syrems nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa ndi kubwereza zonyamula. Kusuntha kwa wozungulira kwa wosungirayo kumatha kuchitika ndi unyolo ndi sprocket dongosolo kapena poyendetsa mapulaneti a hydrathel. Kutalika kwa woperekayo nthawi zambiri kumasinthidwa ndikukweza ma disinder padera. Mayendedwe onsewa ayenera kulamuliridwa kuti azingopanga zigawo zamakono.
Malonda a Telescopic ali ndi makina opanga maampu acigil. Kuchepetsa kuya kwa gawo lililonse kudzathandiza kulekanitsa. Izi zimafuna kuti woperekayo aziyenda ngati ndalama amamanga. Kufunika kwa kayendedwe kanthawi kosintha kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kuyendetsa ma melescopic. Pali njira zingapo zingapo zotsika mtengo, zina zomwe ndizotsika mtengo koma zimakhala ndi malire, pomwe ena ali ndi miyezo yokwanira ndipo imapereka kusinthasintha popanga chilengedwe.
Wonyamulayo akayamba kudziunjikira zinthu, zimasunthira bwino ndikunyamula zinthuzo. Wolemba mabuku amasunthira mpaka nthawi yopumira yokwezedwa pa shaft yonyamula imayambitsidwa m'njira zake zamadzi. Choyambitsa chimayikidwa malinga ndi kutalika kwa arc kuti wothandizira akufuna kuti asunthe. Pakadali pano, woperekayo adzakula mtunda wokonzedweratu ndikuyamba kuyenda mbali inayo. Njirayi ikupitilira mpaka chingwe cha chingwecho chimawonjezeredwa kuti chikhale chowonjezera komanso choyambirira chimamalizidwa.
Mlingo wachiwiri utamangidwa, nsonga imayamba kulembetsa kuchokera kuzowonjezera, kusuntha modabwitsa komanso kubweretsera malire amwano. Pangani zigawo mpaka kusintha kwa tayi kukwezedwa pagudumu yothandizira kumayambitsidwa ndi mulu.
Wolemba nyumbayo adzakwera mtunda wa maenje ndikuyamba kukweza kwachiwiri. Nkhondo iliyonse imatha kukhala ndi zigawo zingapo, kutengera kuthamanga kwa nkhaniyi. Kukweza kwachiwiri ndikofanana ndi woyamba, ndipo mpaka kugunda mpaka mulu wonse. Gawo lalikulu la muluwo limatalikirana, koma limasefukira m'mphepete mwa mulu. Izi ndichifukwa ma malamba onyamula satha kusintha mawonekedwe a malire osintha kapena zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzichita. Kusintha kwa malire kuyenera kusinthidwa kotero kuti onjezerani sabisa ma shaft.