Cholowa chachitatu ndi nsanja zambiri zoperekedwa kuti amvetsetse m'madzi ndi chilengedwe ku Asia.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muchepetse dongosolo lachitatu kapena kusindikiza pansi pa layisensi yopanga. Chonde werengani chiwongolero chathu cholembera chitsogozo choyambira.
Kwa miyezi ingapo yapitayo, kusuta kwakhala kwatsala kuchokera ku chimbudzi chachikulu kunja kwa mzinda wa Meertar Pradesh. Mipira ya shuga kumpoto kwa India Kugwiritsira ntchito lamba wautali wa mapesi a fibruus mu nyengo yopukusa kwa shuga, kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Epulo. Zinyalala zonyowa zimawotchedwa kuti zipange magetsi, ndipo utsi womwe umakhala chifukwa cha mawonekedwe. Komabe, ngakhale akuwoneka kuti akugwira ntchito, kupezeka kwa nzimbe kudyetsa mafakitale kukuchepa.
Arun Kumar Singh, dimba wa zaka 35 m'mudzi wa a Amanglamal, pafupifupi theka loyendetsa kuchokera ku Meerut, akukhudzidwa. Mu 2021-20-2022 nyengo yokulira, mbewu ya singh yachepetsedwa pafupifupi 30% - Amayembekezera pafupifupi makilogalamu 140,000 kufamu yake ya mahekitala ya 5, koma chaka chatha adapeza 100,000 kg.
Singh adadandaula kuti funde lakale latha la chaka chatha, nyengo yamvula yamvula komanso kulowetsedwa kwamatumbo chifukwa chosaphika. Kufunika Kwambiri kwa Khane kulimbikitsa alimi kuti akule zatsopano, zokolola zambiri koma mitundu yosasinthika, adatero. Atalozera kumunda wake, anati, "Mitunduyi idangoyambitsidwa pafupifupi zaka eyiti ndipo imafunikira madzi ambiri chaka chilichonse. Mulimonsemo, palibe madzi okwanira m'dera lathu. "
Anthu ammudzi ozungulira Nanglamala ndi likulu lopanga ethanol kuchokera ku shuga ndipo ili mu State yayikulu kwambiri ya India. Koma ku Uttar Pradesh ndi ku India, kupanga nzimbe kukutsika. Pakadali pano, boma lalikulu limenelo limafuna mphero shuga kuti mugwiritse ntchito zitsamba za shuga kuti mutulutse ethanol.
Ethanol ikhoza kupezeka kuchokera ku zotupa za petrochemical kapena zitsamba ndi tirigu, wotchedwa bioethanol kapena biofunol kapena ma biofunol kapena ma biofunol kapena ma biofunol kapena biofunols. Chifukwa mbewu izi zitha kusinthidwanso, ma biofuel amalembedwa ngati gwero labwino.
India imabweretsa shuga wambiri kuposa momwe amadya. M'nthawi ya 20211-22 idatulutsa shuga 39.4 miliyoni. Malinga ndi boma, kugwiritsa ntchito nyumba ndi matani pafupifupi 26 miliyoni pachaka. Kuyambira mu 2019, India wakhala akumenya nkhondo yotumiza kunja kwa matani (oposa matani 10 miliyoni chaka chatha), koma atumiki akunena kuti ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale. Lipira ndikupeza ndalama zambiri. kutuluka.
India imafunanso mafuta ambiri: matani 185 miliyoni a mafuta mu 2020-2021 yofunika $ 55 biliyoni, malinga ndi lipoti la State Agani a Asank Niti Aayog. Chifukwa chake, bwitirapo ethanol wokhala ndi mafuta amafunsidwa ngati njira yogwiritsira ntchito shuga, yomwe siyikuthamangitsidwa mwandekha, ndikukwaniritsa kudziyimira pawokha. Niti Ayogoge akuyerekeza kuti anthal ndi mafuta a ethanol ndi mafuta asunge dzikolo pafupifupi 2025. Chaka chatha, kapena pafupifupi 9 peresenti ya matani a ethanol mu 2022-2023.
Mu 2003, boma la India linakhazikitsa pulogalamu yotsekedwa ya ethanol (ebp) yokhala ndi cholinga choyambirira cha 5% ethanol. Pakadali pano, Ethanol amapanga pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya kusakaniza. Boma la India lakhazikitsa chandamale chokwanira 20% pofika 2025-2026, ndipo ndalamazo ndi zopambana monga "zimathandizira kuti mabizinesi ndi alimi athe kutenga nawo mbali pachuma champhamvu ndikuchepetsa mpweya." Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mafakitale ndi kufulumira, kuyambira 2018 boma lakhala likupereka pulogalamu yothandizira ndi thandizo la ndalama mu mawonekedwe a ngongole.
"Mafuta a ethanol amalimbikitsa kuyaka kwathunthu ndikuchepetsa mpweya monga ma hydrocarbons," boma, ndikuwonjezera kuti, "Boma linati," Boma linatero, "boma likuwonjezera. ndi 30%. 20% poyerekeza ndi mafuta.
Mukawotchedwa, ethanol imatulutsa, 40-40% yocheperako kuposa mafuta wamba ndipo zimatha kulowerera ndale monga mbewu zomwe zimamwa co2 akamakula.
Komabe, akatswiri achenjeze kuti izi zimanyalanyaza mpweya wowonjezera kutentha mu ethanol yopereka unyolo. Tinthu a US biofuel chaka chatha chinazindikira kuti Ethanol atha kukhala pa 24% kaboni yambiri kuposa kupatuka kwa mafuta, kuwonongeka kwa feteleza. Kuyambira 2001, mahekitala 660,000 a malo ku India asinthidwa kukhala nzimbe, malinga ndi ziwerengero za boma.
"Mowa ukhoza kukhala ngati kaboni, yolimba ngati mafuta a mpweya chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kaboni, kukula kwa sharma," adatero katswiri wamalonda. "Tayang'anani ku Germany. Atazindikira izi, modzikuza tsopano akhumudwitsidwa. "
Akatswiri amakhudzidwanso kuti kuyendetsa kwa shuga kuti apange ethanol atha kukhala ndi vuto la chakudya.
Suwar Pawar, wasayansi waulimi komanso yemwe kale anali mgulu la boma la Uttar Pradesh, adanena kuti popeza kuchuluka kwa nzimbe kumadalira kwambiri mafuta, " Akuti, akuti, "adzatsogolera kumadera ochitira moni, komwe kumachepetsa chonde ndi nthaka ndikupangitsa mbeu zambiri kukhala pachiwopsezo cha tizirombo. Zidzathandizanso kuti nthaka ikhale yosatetezeka chifukwa malo ndi madzi adzasokeretsera mbewu zamagetsi. "
Ku Uttar Pradesh, a Indian Shuga Mabungwe othandizira a ISTARS ndi Uttar shulesh shuga atauza mwana wachitatu kuti mapepala akuluakulu a malo sakugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nzimbe zokwanira. M'malo mwake, akuti, Kuchulukana popanga kumabwera chifukwa chochulukirapo ndi zochulukirapo.
Sonjoy Mohanty, CEO of Shuga, atatero India's Exsepper yaposachedwa kuti "kufikira 20% ya chandamale cha ethanol sichikhala vuto." "Kupita patsogolo, cholinga chathu sikuyenera kuwonjezera kumtunda, koma kuti chiwonjezere chikukula," anawonjezera.
Ngakhale ndalama zaboma komanso mitengo yapamwamba ya ma ethanol yapindula mphero za Shuga, Nanglamal Mlimi Alamur Arun Singh Steh SEMH SINATSITSE VUTO.
Nthambi nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa kuchokera kudula ndipo zimatsika zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Popeza mphero za shuga zimafuna ndalama zambiri, alimi amalangizidwa kuti asinthidwe mitundu yatsopano ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Singh adanena kuti kuwonjezera pa kuwonongeka kwa nyengo ngati kutentha kwa chaka chatha, kuphatikiza pafamu yake, komwe kumakulidwa ku India konse, kumafuna feteleza wambiri chaka chilichonse. "Chifukwa ndimangothiridwa kamodzi pa mbewu iliyonse, ndipo nthawi zina ndimakhala kangapo, ndidathira kasanu ndi kawiri chaka chino," adatero.
"Botolo la tizilombo timatenga $ 22 ndipo imagwira ntchito pafupifupi ma maekala atatu a malo. Ndili ndi [mahekala 30] cha malo ndipo ndiyenera kupopera kasanu ndi kawiri kapena zisanu ndi zitatu. Boma lingalitse phindu la mbewu ya ethanol, koma timalandira chiyani. Mtengo wa nzimbe ulinso womwewo, $ 4 pa pa pa penti [100), "adatero Sandaar Tomar, mlimi wina wochokera ku Nnglamal.
Sharma anati mizimba yatha kutseketsa madzi a ku UTTARE Pradesh, dera lomwe likuwonongeka kwamvula komanso chilala. Kugulitsanso mitsinje ndikutaya zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe m'madzi: mphero shuga ndiye gwero lalikulu kwambiri la madzi onyansa mu Boma. Popita nthawi, izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukula mbewu, Shara inati, mwachindunji akuwopseza chitetezo cha India.
"Ku Maharashtra, kachikwama kakang'ono kwambiri ku dziko lonse la shuga, 70 peresenti ya madzi othirira amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphira, yemwe ndi 4 mwa mbewu ya boma," adatero.
"Tayamba kutulutsa malita 37 miliyoni za ethanol pachaka ndipo talandira chilolezo chowonjezera kupanga. Kuchulukitsa kwapanga kwabweretsa ndalama zokhazikika kwa alimi. Rajen Kandpal, Cejen Kandpal, Cepan anati: tachitiranso madzi onse a mbewu. , Fakitale ya Shuga ya Nanglamal kuti mufotokoze.
"Tiyenera kuphunzitsa alimi kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi kusinthana kuthirira kapena kuwaza. Ponena za nzimbe, zomwe zimawononga madzi ambiri, ichi sichomwe chimadetsa nkhawa, popeza dziko la Uttar Pradesh limakhala ndi madzi. " Izi zidanenedwa ndi Shuga Shuga Mayanjano (ISMA) Abinashash Verma, wakale CEO. Verma anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito maboma apakati pa shuga, nzimbe ndi ethanol, ndikutsegula mbewu yake yambewu ku Bihar mu 2022.
Poona malipoti opanga zitsamba ku India, panwar anachenjeza kuti abwereza zomwe zachitika kwa Brazil mu 2009-2013, pamene nyengo ya Erratic idapangitsa kuti pabeni mikono ikuluike komanso kupanga ma ethanol.
"Sitinganene kuti Mowa, tisachenjezedwe, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi mitengo yonse yomwe dziko liyenera kutulutsa ethanol, kukakamizidwa pazinthu zachilengedwe komanso zomwe zimayambitsa thanzi la alimi.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muchepetse dongosolo lachitatu kapena kusindikiza pansi pa layisensi yopanga. Chonde werengani chiwongolero chathu cholembera chitsogozo choyambira.
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