Zofunikira zopangira zapamwamba m'magawo onse ogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zambiri zimafunikira kuwongolera bwino m'njira yotetezeka komanso yothandiza kwambiri pamtengo wotsika kwambiri.Pamene makina onyamula katundu akuchulukirachulukira, mwachangu komanso motalikirapo, mphamvu zambiri komanso zoyendetsedwa bwino zidzafunika.Kuphatikizika ndi malamulo okhwima omwe akuchulukirachulukira, atsogoleri abizinesi omwe amangoganizira za mtengo wake ayenera kuganizira mozama zida zatsopano ndi zosankha zomwe zingakwaniritse zolinga zawo zanthawi yayitali kuti abweze bwino pazachuma (ROI).
Chitetezo chikhoza kukhala njira yatsopano yochepetsera mtengo.Pazaka 30 zikubwerazi, kuchuluka kwa migodi ndi malo opangira zinthu okhala ndi chikhalidwe chachitetezo chapamwamba kuyenera kuchulukirachulukira kotero kuti zikhala zachizolowezi m'malo mosiyana.Nthawi zambiri, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuzindikira mwachangu zovuta zosayembekezereka ndi zida zomwe zilipo komanso chitetezo chapantchito ndikungosintha pang'ono lamba.Mavutowa nthawi zambiri amawonekera ngati kutayikira kwakukulu, kuchulukirachulukira kwafumbi, kusintha lamba, komanso kuvala / kulephera kwa zida pafupipafupi.
Ma voliyumu akulu pa lamba wotumizira amapanga zinthu zambiri zotayika komanso zosasunthika kuzungulira dongosolo lomwe limatha kupindika.Malingana ndi US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), maulendo, maulendo ndi kugwa ndizomwe zimayambitsa 15 peresenti ya imfa zonse za kuntchito ndi 25 peresenti ya zodandaula zonse za kuvulala kuntchito.[1] Kuphatikiza apo, kuthamanga kwa lamba wokwera kumapangitsa kutsina ndikugwetsa ma conveyors kukhala owopsa, chifukwa nthawi yochitapo kanthu imachepetsedwa kwambiri pamene zovala, zida, kapena miyendo ya wogwira ntchito yagwedezeka mwangozi.[2]
Lamba wonyamulira akamayenda mwachangu, m'pamenenso amapatuka kuchoka panjira yake ndipo kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuti wolondolera akwaniritse izi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutayikira panjira yonseyo.Chifukwa cha kusuntha kwa katundu, zolemetsa zodzaza, kapena zifukwa zina, lamba amatha kukumana ndi chimango chachikulu, ndikung'amba m'mphepete mwake ndikuyambitsa moto wokangana.Kuphatikiza pa zotsatira za chitetezo cha kuntchito, malamba onyamula katundu amatha kuyatsa moto pamalo onse mothamanga kwambiri.
Ngozi ina yapantchito - komanso yomwe ikuchulukirachulukira - ndikutulutsa fumbi.Kuchuluka kwa katundu kumatanthawuza kulemera kwakukulu pa liwiro la lamba lapamwamba, zomwe zimayambitsa kugwedezeka kwambiri mu dongosolo ndikuwononga mpweya wabwino ndi fumbi.Kuonjezera apo, zoyeretsa sizikhala zogwira mtima pamene phokoso likuwonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mpweya wambiri wothawa panjira yobwerera kwa conveyor.Ma abrasive particles amatha kuyipitsa magawo ogubuduzika ndikupangitsa kuti agwire, kukulitsa mwayi woyatsa mikangano ndikuwonjezera mtengo wokonza komanso nthawi yocheperako.Kuphatikiza apo, kutsika kwa mpweya kumatha kubweretsa chindapusa cha owunikira komanso kutsekeka mokakamiza.
Malamba onyamula katundu akamatalika komanso mwachangu, umisiri wamakono wolondolera umakhala wofunikira kwambiri, wokhoza kuzindikira kusintha kwakung'ono kwa njira yolumikizira ndikulipiritsa msanga kulemera, liwiro ndi mphamvu zoyendetsa zisanachulukitse tracker.Amakwera pamtunda uliwonse wa 70 mpaka 150 (mamita 21 mpaka 50) pobwerera ndi kunyamula katundu-kutsogolo kwa pulley yotsitsa kumbali ya katundu ndi pulley yakutsogolo kumbali yobwerera-otsatira atsopano ndi otsika amagwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri zamakono. makina a hinge.Ukadaulo wochulukitsa wa torque wokhala ndi sensa ya mkono umazindikira kusintha kwakung'ono panjira ya lamba ndipo nthawi yomweyo imasintha kapu imodzi yosalala ya rabara kuti igwirizanenso lamba.
Pofuna kuchepetsa mtengo pa toni imodzi ya zinthu zonyamulidwa, mafakitale ambiri akupita ku ma conveyors okulirapo komanso othamanga.Kapangidwe kagawo kakale kamakhala kokhazikika.Koma ndikupita ku malamba okulirapo, othamanga kwambiri, zonyamula zinthu zambiri zimafunikira kukweza kwakukulu kuzinthu zolimba monga ma idlers, ma wheel chock ndi chute.
Vuto lalikulu pamapangidwe ambiri a gutter ndikuti sanapangidwe kuti akwaniritse zosowa zomwe zikukula.Kutsitsa zinthu zambiri kuchokera pa chute kupita pa lamba wonyamulira wothamanga kumatha kusintha kutuluka kwa zinthu mu chute, kuyambitsa kutsitsa pakati, kukulitsa kutayikira kwazinthu zothawirako komanso kutulutsa fumbi mutatuluka malo okhazikika.
Mapangidwe aposachedwa a mbiya amathandizira kuyika zinthu pa lamba pamalo otsekedwa bwino, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito, kuchepetsa kutayikira, kuchepetsa fumbi komanso kuchepetsa kuopsa kovulala komwe kumachitika nthawi zambiri kuntchito.M'malo mogwetsa zolemera molunjika pa lamba ndi mphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri, kutsika kwa zolemera kumayendetsedwa kuti apititse patsogolo chikhalidwe cha lamba ndikutalikitsa moyo wa maziko okhudzidwa ndi zodzigudubuza pochepetsa mphamvu pazitsulo zomwe zili m'deralo.Kuchepa kwa chipwirikiti kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukhudza chovala chovala ndi siketi ndikuchepetsa mwayi wazinthu zazifupi kugwidwa pakati pa siketi ndi lamba, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka ndi lamba.
Malo abata okhala ndi nthawi yayitali komanso aatali kuposa momwe adapangidwira kale, zomwe zimalola nthawi yoti katunduyo akhazikike, kupereka malo ochulukirapo komanso nthawi yoti mpweya uchepe, ndikulola fumbi kukhazikika bwino.Mapangidwe a modular amasintha mosavuta kuti agwirizane ndi zosintha zamtsogolo.Zovala zakunja zimatha kusinthidwa kuchokera kunja kwa chute, m'malo mofuna kulowa kowopsa mu chute monga momwe zidapangidwira kale.Zophimba za chute zokhala ndi makatani a fumbi lamkati zimayendetsa mpweya mu utali wonse wa chute, kulola fumbi kukhazikika pa nsalu yotchinga ndipo potsirizira pake kugweranso pa lamba mumagulu akuluakulu.Dongosolo losindikizira la masiketi awiri lili ndi chisindikizo choyambirira ndi chosindikizira chachiwiri mumzere wa elastomer wokhala ndi mbali ziwiri kuti zithandizire kupewa kutayikira komanso kutulutsa fumbi kuchokera mbali zonse za chute.
Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa lamba kumapangitsanso kutentha kwambiri kwa ntchito komanso kumawonjezera kuvala pamasamba oyeretsa.Zonyamula zazikulu zomwe zikuyandikira mothamanga kwambiri zimagunda masamba akulu mwamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zina zivale mwachangu, zosefukira komanso kutayikira komanso fumbi.Kuti alipire moyo waufupi wa zida, opanga amatha kutsitsa mtengo wamafuta otsuka malamba, koma iyi si njira yokhazikika yomwe siyimachotsa kutsika kowonjezera komwe kumakhudzana ndi kukonza zoyeretsa komanso kusintha kwapanthawi zina.
Ngakhale ena opanga ma blade akuvutika kuti apitilize kusintha zosowa zopanga, mtsogoleri wamakampani opanga ma conveyor akusintha makampani oyeretsera popereka masamba opangidwa kuchokera ku polyurethane yopangidwa mwapadera yomwe imayikidwa ndikudulidwa pamalowo kuti awonetsetse kuti akutumiza mwatsopano komanso kokhazikika.mankhwala.Pogwiritsa ntchito ma torsion, masika kapena pneumatic tensioners, zotsukira zoyambira sizimakhudza malamba ndi mfundo, komabe zimachotsa bwino kwambiri.Pantchito zovuta kwambiri, chotsukira choyambirira chimagwiritsa ntchito masamba a tungsten carbide omwe amaikidwa mwa diagonally kuti apange mapindikira atatu mozungulira pulley yayikulu.Utumiki wakumunda watsimikiza kuti moyo wa chotsuka choyambirira cha polyurethane nthawi zambiri chimakhala kanayi kuposa moyo wonse popanda kuyambiranso.
Pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje otsuka lamba am'tsogolo, makina odzipangira okha amakulitsa moyo wamasamba ndi lamba pochotsa kukhudzana kwa lamba pomwe chotengeracho chikugwira ntchito.Mpweya wa pneumatic, wolumikizidwa ndi mpweya woponderezedwa, uli ndi kachipangizo kamene kamazindikira pamene lamba sakukwezedwanso ndikuchotsa masambawo, kuchepetsa kuvala kosafunikira pa lamba ndi kuyeretsa.Komanso amachepetsa khama nthawi zonse kulamulira ndi tensioning masamba kuti akadakwanitsira ntchito.Zotsatira zake ndizovuta zamasamba zolondola, kuyeretsa modalirika komanso moyo wautali wa tsamba, zonse popanda kulowererapo kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.
Machitidwe opangidwa kuti ayende mtunda wautali pa liwiro lapamwamba nthawi zambiri amapereka mphamvu ku mfundo zovuta monga pulley ya mutu, kunyalanyaza kukwanira kwa "smart systems" zodziwikiratu, masensa, magetsi, zomata, kapena zipangizo zina pamtunda wa conveyor.magetsi.Mphamvu zothandizira zimatha kukhala zovuta komanso zokwera mtengo, zomwe zimafuna ma transformer okulirapo, ma conduit, mabokosi ophatikizika ndi zingwe kuti athe kubweza kutsika kwamagetsi kosapeweka kwa nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito.Mphamvu za dzuwa ndi mphepo zimatha kukhala zosadalirika m'madera ena, makamaka m'migodi, choncho ogwira ntchito amafunika njira zina zopangira magetsi modalirika.
Mwa kulumikiza kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamakhala ndi patenti ku pulley ya idler ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya kinetic yopangidwa ndi lamba wosuntha, tsopano ndi kotheka kuthana ndi zolepheretsa kupezeka zomwe zimabwera ndi mphamvu zothandizira machitidwe.Majeneretawa adapangidwa ngati magetsi oyimira okha omwe amatha kubwezeretsedwanso kuzinthu zomwe zilipo kale ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chitsulo chilichonse.
Kapangidwe kake kamagwiritsa ntchito maginito kuti amangirire "choyimitsa" kumapeto kwa pulley yomwe ilipo yomwe imagwirizana ndi m'mimba mwake.Chingwe choyendetsa, chozunguliridwa ndi kayendedwe ka lamba, chimagwira ntchito ndi jenereta kudzera pamakina oyendetsa makina panyumba.Zokwera maginito zimawonetsetsa kuti zochulukira zamagetsi kapena zamakina siziyimitsa mpukutuwo, m'malo mwake maginito amachotsedwa pamtunda.Poyika jenereta kunja kwa njira yazinthu, mapangidwe atsopano atsopano amapewa kuwononga zolemetsa zolemetsa ndi zinthu zambiri.
Makinawa ndi njira yamtsogolo, koma ogwira ntchito odziwa bwino ntchito akapuma pantchito ndipo ogwira ntchito achinyamata omwe akulowa pamsika amakumana ndi zovuta zapadera, luso lachitetezo ndi kukonza kumakhala kovuta komanso kofunikira.Ngakhale chidziwitso choyambirira cha makina chikufunikabe, akatswiri atsopano amafunikiranso chidziwitso chaukadaulo chapamwamba.Kugawikana kwa ntchito kumeneku kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupeza anthu omwe ali ndi maluso angapo, kulimbikitsa ogwira ntchito kuti apereke ntchito zina zaukatswiri ndikupangitsa kuti mapangano osamalira azikhala ofala kwambiri.
Kuyang'anira ma conveyor okhudzana ndi chitetezo ndi chisamaliro chodzitetezera kudzakhala kodalirika komanso kufalikira, kulola ma conveyor kuti azigwira ntchito modziyimira pawokha ndikulosera zofunikira pakukonza.Pamapeto pake, othandizira odziyimira pawokha (maroboti, ma drones, ndi zina zambiri) atenga ntchito zina zowopsa, makamaka m'migodi yapansi panthaka, popeza ROI yachitetezo imapereka zowonjezera zowonjezera.
Pamapeto pake, kugwiritsa ntchito motchipa komanso motetezeka kwa zida zambiri zochulukira kumapangitsa kuti pakhale malo opangira zinthu zambiri zatsopano komanso zopanga zopanga makina opangira zinthu zambiri.Magalimoto omwe amanyamulidwa m'mbuyomu ndi malole, masitima apamtunda kapena mabwato, zonyamulira pamtunda wautali zomwe zimasamutsa zinthu kuchokera ku migodi kapena ma quarries kupita kumalo osungira katundu kapena malo opangira zinthu, zitha kusokoneza gawo lamayendedwe.Maukonde opangira ma voliyumu aatali amenewa akhazikitsidwa kale m’malo ena ovuta kufikako, koma posachedwapa akhoza kukhala ofala m’madera ambiri padziko lapansi.
[1] "Slips, Trips & Falls Identification and Prevention;" [1] "Slips, Trips & Falls Identification and Prevention;"[1] "Kuzindikira ndi kupewa zozembera, maulendo ndi kugwa";[1] Slip, Trip, and Fall Recognition and Prevention, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Sacramento, CA, 2007. https://www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy07/sh-16625-07/ slipstripsfalls.ppt
[2] Swindman, Todd, Marty, Andrew D., Marshall, Daniel: "Conveyor Safety Fundamentals", Martin Engineering, Gawo 1, p.14. Worzalla Publishing Company, Stevens Point, Wisconsin, 2016 https://www.martin-eng.com/content/product/690/security book
Ndi nsanja zotsogola kwambiri pamsika zamakampani a Recycling, Quarrying, and Bulk Material Handling Industries timapereka njira yokwanira, komanso yapadera yopita kumsika. imakhazikitsa, ndikupangira ntchito zamakampani mwachindunji kumadera omwe akuyankhidwa payekhapayekha ku UK & Northern Ireland. Ndi nsanja zotsogola kwambiri pamsika zamakampani a Recycling, Quarrying, and Bulk Material Handling Industries timapereka njira yokwanira, komanso yapadera kwambiri yopita kumsika. kukhazikitsidwa kwa malonda, ndi ntchito zamafakitale mwachindunji kumadera omwe akuyankhidwa payekhapayekha ku UK & Northern Ireland.Ndi nsanja zotsogola zamsika zosindikizira ndi digito zamafakitale okonza, migodi ndi zinthu zogwirira ntchito, timapereka njira yokwanira komanso yapadera yopita kumsika.imakhazikitsa ndikukhazikitsa ntchito zamakampani mwachindunji kuti asankhe maofesi ku UK ndi Northern Ireland.Ndi nsanja zotsogola zamsika zosindikizira ndi digito zobwezeretsanso, kukumba miyala ndi kusungira zinthu zambiri, timapereka njira yokwanira komanso yapadera pamsika.Imasindikizidwa kawiri pamwezi ndikusindikizidwa kapena pa intaneti, magazini yathu imapereka nkhani zaposachedwa kwambiri za kukhazikitsidwa kwazinthu zatsopano ndi ntchito zamakampani mwachindunji kumaofesi osankhidwa ku UK ndi Northern Ireland.Ndicho chifukwa chake tili ndi oŵerenga 2.5 okhazikika ndipo chiŵerengero cha oŵerenga nthaŵi zonse cha magazini chimaposa anthu 15,000.
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Magazini yathu yomwe imatuluka kawiri pamwezi imatumizidwa mwachindunji kumalo osungiramo miyala a 6,000, malo osungiramo katundu ndi malo otumizira katundu ndi chiwerengero cha 2.5 komanso chiwerengero cha owerenga 15,000 ku UK.
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